![]() In the presence of oxygen, it readily forms bluish and dark black degradation products. Psilocin is relatively unstable in solution due to its phenolic hydroxy (-OH) group. Finally, the product amide is reduced using lithium aluminum hydride yielding psilocin. The compound is further reacted with an amine, yielding indole-3-yl-glyoxalyamide. 4-hydroxyindole is acylated with oxalyl chloride. Another synthetic route uses the Speeter–Anthony tryptamine synthesis procedure. Psilocin can be obtained by dephosphorylation of natural psilocybin under strongly acidic or under alkaline conditions ( hydrolysis). Hofmann also succeeded in finding synthetic routes to these chemicals. Hofmann obtained the chemicals from laboratory-grown specimens of the entheogenic mushroom Psilocybe mexicana. Psilocin and its phosphorylated cousin, psilocybin, were first isolated and named in 1958 by Swiss chemist Albert Hofmann. The mind-altering effects of psilocin are highly variable and subjective and resemble those of LSD and DMT. Acting on the 5-HT 2A receptors, psilocin modulates the production and reuptake of serotonin. Psilocin is a Schedule I drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. It is present in most psychedelic mushrooms together with its phosphorylated counterpart psilocybin. Psilocin (also known as 4-HO-DMT, 4-hydroxy DMT, psilocine, psilocyn, or psilotsin) is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid and a serotonergic psychedelic substance.
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